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Intelligence quotient testing in children with hearing loss: A systematic review
Malek H Bouzaher1, Shannon Wu2, Diya Ramanathan3
1Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
American Journal of Otolaryngology
|February 12, 2024
Summary
Children with hearing loss may score lower on intelligence quotient (IQ) tests compared to their normal-hearing peers. This systematic review highlights potential cognitive impacts of pediatric hearing impairment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric audiology and neurodevelopmental research.
- Cognitive assessment in children.
- Impact of sensory impairment on development.
Background:
- Hearing loss in children can affect cognitive development.
- Understanding the relationship between hearing impairment and intelligence is crucial for early intervention.
- Previous research has explored this link, necessitating a comprehensive review.
Approach:
- Systematic review of four major databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL) up to December 2021.
- Inclusion criteria focused on pediatric patients (≤21 years) with hearing loss undergoing neurocognitive testing without prior auditory rehabilitation.
- Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts of 3199 identified studies.
Key Points:
- 21 studies involving 1716 pediatric patients were included.
- Intelligence quotient (IQ) was assessed using 13 different validated tests.
- Six studies compared hearing-impaired (HI) and normal-hearing (NH) pediatric groups.
Conclusions:
- Hearing-impaired children may exhibit lower performance on intelligence quotient (IQ) testing compared to normal-hearing peers.
- This finding was consistent across various IQ testing modalities.
- The results underscore the importance of addressing hearing loss in pediatric populations to support cognitive development.
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