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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Manufacturing Abdominal Aorta Hydrogel Tissue-Mimicking Phantoms for Ultrasound Elastography Validation
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Spontaneous Aortic Rupture: A Case Report.

Eshaan J Daas1, Coleman S Cowart1, Amanda Balmages1

  • 1Desert Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palm Springs, California.

Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|February 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) can present atypically. This case highlights the importance of considering AAS in elderly patients with hypertension and nonspecific symptoms like throat pain, even with initial misleading findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) encompasses aortic dissection, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, and intramural hematoma.
  • Atypical presentations of AAS can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  • Elderly patients with hypertension are at increased risk for aortic emergencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an unusual case of acute aortic syndrome presenting as throat pain in an elderly female.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic considerations for AAS in emergency settings.
  • To suggest strategies for preventing missed diagnoses of AAS.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 87-year-old female with hypertension and Alzheimer's dementia.
  • Initial evaluation included electrocardiogram (ECG) and troponin levels.
  • Computed tomography (CT) of the soft tissue neck was performed.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with throat pain and ECG findings suggestive of ischemia with elevated troponin.
  • CT scan revealed evidence of aortic rupture.
  • The patient's presentation was atypical for acute aortic syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Aortic rupture is a critical complication of AAS.
  • AAS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of elderly patients with hypertension and nonspecific symptoms, even with a seemingly benign initial presentation.
  • Prompt recognition and management are crucial for improving outcomes in AAS.