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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

261
Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
261
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

339
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
339
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

134
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
134
Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
2.8K
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

451
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
451
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

292
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models
04:59

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models

Published on: August 18, 2023

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Excipients for Novel Inhaled Dosage Forms: An Overview.

Carol Yousry1,2,3, Mimansa Goyal1, Vivek Gupta4

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary drug delivery offers targeted lung treatment for respiratory diseases and systemic absorption. This review explores essential excipients for novel inhaled dosage forms and devices, overcoming delivery challenges.

Keywords:
excipientsinhalationlungsnanoparticlesnovel dosage forms

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Pulmonary drug delivery targets lung diseases like cystic fibrosis, asthma, and lung cancer.
  • It offers noninvasive systemic absorption, lower doses, and fewer side effects than other routes.
  • Challenges include mechanical/chemical barriers and limited FDA-approved excipients for inhaled products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review excipients used in novel inhaled drug dosage forms.
  • To discuss the role of excipients in various inhalation devices (pMDIs, DPIs, nebulizers).
  • To highlight strategies for overcoming pulmonary delivery challenges through excipient selection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles and FDA-approved excipients.
  • Analysis of excipient function in different inhaled dosage forms.
  • Examination of excipient compatibility with various inhalation devices.

Main Results:

  • Identified key excipients enabling physical and chemical stability of inhaled formulations.
  • Demonstrated how excipients facilitate efficient drug delivery via pMDIs, DPIs, and nebulizers.
  • Highlighted the critical role of excipient choice in novel inhaled product development.

Conclusions:

  • Excipients are crucial for developing effective and stable pulmonary drug delivery systems.
  • Careful selection of excipients is vital for overcoming inhalation challenges and optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
  • Further research into novel excipients can expand options for inhaled therapeutics.