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Vitamin D Deficiency and the Risk of Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Taghreed S Saeed Al-Rawi1, Raid M Al-Ani2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Ramadi, IRQ.

Cureus
|February 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D deficiency is strongly linked to benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and its recurrence. Low vitamin D levels were observed in BPPV patients, suggesting it may cause the condition and increase recurrence risk.

Keywords:
benign paroxysmal positional vertigodizzinessserum calciumvertigovitamin d

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common cause of vertigo.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is a potential contributing factor to BPPV.
  • No prior local studies from Iraq investigated this association.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between BPPV and vitamin D deficiency in an Iraqi population.
  • To identify risk factors for BPPV recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study.
  • Included 40 BPPV patients and 80 controls.
  • Measured serum vitamin D and calcium levels.

Main Results:

  • BPPV patients had significantly lower vitamin D levels than controls (p=0.0001).
  • Vitamin D deficiency was found in 35 BPPV cases vs. 37 controls (OR=8.135).
  • Lower vitamin D levels and older age were associated with BPPV recurrence (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the occurrence of BPPV.
  • Vitamin D deficiency and older age are risk factors for BPPV recurrence.