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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

588
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
588

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Hydroxychloroquine Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Case Series.

Artur Schneider1, Jonna Sadhana2, Maximiliano Diaz Menindez1

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Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine = Revue Roumaine De Medecine Interne
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Summary

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) cardiotoxicity is a rare condition from chronic use, causing cardiomyopathy. Prompt diagnosis and stopping the drug are crucial to prevent disease progression.

Keywords:
HydroxychlorquineSjögren’s syndromecardiomyopathydrug toxicityrheumatoid arthritissystemic lupus erythematous

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is frequently used for autoimmune conditions.
  • Chronic HCQ use can lead to a rare but serious cardiotoxicity.
  • This cardiotoxicity manifests as a drug-induced cardiomyopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features and diagnostic findings of HCQ-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • To highlight the importance of early recognition and intervention.
  • To present a case series of biopsy-proven HCQ cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive case series of ten patients.
  • Review of patient history, physical examinations, and advanced imaging.
  • Inclusion of endomyocardial biopsy results for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • All ten patients were diagnosed with biopsy-proven HCQ cardiotoxicity.
  • Cardiotoxicity was associated with chronic HCQ use.
  • The underlying mechanism involves acquired lysosomal storage defects.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition of HCQ cardiotoxicity is essential.
  • Discontinuation of HCQ is the primary treatment.
  • Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis.