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Cellular receptors for mammalian viruses
Ana Valero-Rello1, Carlos Baeza-Delgado1, Iván Andreu-Moreno1
1Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat de València, Paterna, València, Spain.
Plos Pathogens
|February 20, 2024
Summary
Scientists analyzed mammalian virus receptors and entry factors, identifying key cellular proteins. Machine learning predicts a cell surface protein's ability to act as a virus receptor, revealing patterns in viral infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Viral entry mechanisms are crucial for determining host range, tropism, and virulence.
- Understanding virus-host interactions is vital but remains incomplete.
- Existing datasets on mammalian virus receptors are limited in scope.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically analyze published data on mammalian virus receptors and attachment factors.
- To create a comprehensive dataset for studying virus entry.
- To identify cellular proteins frequently utilized by viruses and predict their receptor potential.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review and data compilation.
- Construction of an expanded dataset of virus-receptor interactions.
- Application of machine learning algorithms to predict receptor function.
- Analysis of protein properties associated with receptor usage.
Main Results:
- Identified cellular proteins preferentially used as virus receptors, often plasma membrane proteins with high interaction propensity.
- Developed a predictive scoring system for cell surface proteins as virus receptors.
- Revealed common patterns in receptor usage across different viruses.
- Observed that enveloped viruses utilize a wider range of alternative receptors than non-enveloped viruses.
Conclusions:
- Cellular protein characteristics can predict their role in viral entry.
- Distinct patterns of receptor usage exist among viruses.
- Enveloped viruses' broader receptor repertoire may facilitate interspecies transmission.
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