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Related Concept Videos

Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving01:26

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving

In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...
Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Elaborate Control of Inkjet Printer for Fabrication of Chip-based Supercapacitors
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Leaping Supercapacitor Performance via a Flash-Enabled Graphene Photothermal Coating.

Huihui Zhang1, Han Lin1, Keng-Te Lin2

  • 1Centre for Atomaterials and Nanomanufacturing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a universal method to boost supercapacitor (SC) performance by using flash-enabled graphene (FG) absorbers for photothermal heating. This simple strategy enhances energy storage without complex electrode modifications.

Keywords:
flash‐enabled graphenephotothermal enhancementsupercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Elevating working temperature enhances supercapacitor (SC) performance by improving ion transport kinetics.
  • Photothermal heating offers a green and sustainable method for SC temperature enhancement.
  • A universal and efficient photothermal heating strategy for arbitrary SC devices remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, universal, and efficient photothermal heating strategy for supercapacitors.
  • To enhance the energy storage performance of supercapacitors using photothermal effects.
  • To investigate the application of flash-enabled graphene (FG) as a photothermal absorber for supercapacitors.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of flash-enabled graphene (FG) absorbers via a flash reduction process.
  • Coating FG absorbers onto the surface of supercapacitor devices.
  • Systematic temperature-dependent investigation and numerical simulation of supercapacitor performance.
  • Utilizing photothermal effect to elevate the working temperature of supercapacitors.

Main Results:

  • An evident enhancement in capacitance up to 65% was achieved in photothermally enhanced SC coin cell devices.
  • Flash-enabled graphene (FG) absorbers effectively increased the working temperature of SCs via photothermal effect.
  • Improved power and energy densities were observed in the FG-enhanced supercapacitors.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FG-based photothermal strategy offers a simple, practical, and universal approach to boost SC performance.
  • This method enhances energy storage without increasing complexity in electrode fabrication or optimization.
  • The study highlights efficient utilization of green photothermal energy for energy storage devices.