Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

2.7K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.7K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

35.7K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
35.7K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

2.9K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.9K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

2.6K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.6K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

3.0K
Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction to "Light-Induced Transformation from Covalent to Supramolecular Polymer Networks".

ACS macro letters·2026
Same author

Cytoskeleton-Inspired Mechanically Interlocked Catenane Framework Enabling Robust yet Dynamic Polymer Networks.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Bio-Based Covalent Adaptable Oligorotaxane Networks.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Mechanical Bond-Mediated Metal-Organic Polyhedra Elastomer.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Breaking the toughness-strength trade-off in polymer nanocomposites via a mechanically interlocked interface.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Water-Processable Covalent-and-Supramolecular Polymeric Binders for Silicon/Carbon Anodes with High Interfacial Stability in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

High-Performance CH-Series Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaics.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same journal

Design Principles for Negative Thermal Expansion in Two-Dimensional Materials.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same journal

Main Group Redox Catalysis: New Frontiers with Germanium and Tin.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same journal

Taming Irreversibility in sp<sup>2</sup>-Carbon-Conjugated COFs from Polycrystalline Powders to Single Crystals and Thin Films.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same journal

Electroactive Imidazolium Ionic Liquids in Organic Synthesis.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same journal

Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based Porous Organic Cages: Synthesis and Applications.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices
04:54

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Published on: January 17, 2017

16.3K

Mechanically Interlocked Polymers with Dense Mechanical Bonds.

Zhaoming Zhang1, Jun Zhao1, Xuzhou Yan1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|February 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) with dense mechanical bonds offer enhanced toughness and dynamicity. This study explores their synthesis, structure-property relationships, and applications in advanced materials.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

12.6K
Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties
06:02

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Published on: September 1, 2018

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices
04:54

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Published on: January 17, 2017

16.3K
Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

12.6K
Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties
06:02

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Published on: September 1, 2018

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science and Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs), including polyrotaxanes and polycatenanes, feature mechanical bonds.
  • Mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) utilize these bonds for cross-linking, offering robustness and dynamicity.
  • Existing MINs often use discrete mechanical bonds; MINs with dense mechanical bonds as repeating units are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of research on MINs featuring dense mechanical bonds.
  • To explore synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and potential applications of these advanced materials.
  • To critically evaluate the advantages and limitations of different synthetic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Development and evaluation of three distinct synthetic strategies: mechanical interlocking followed by polymerization, supramolecular polymerization followed by mechanical interlocking, and dynamic interlocking.
  • Investigation of structure-property relationships, focusing on the 'integration and amplification mechanism' of mechanical bond motions.
  • Characterization of mechanical bond motion characteristics (activation energy, motion distance, recovery) in bulk materials.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of MINs with dense mechanical bonds using controlled interlocking steps.
  • Demonstration that macroscopic properties arise from the integration and amplification of microscopic mechanical bond motions.
  • Quantification of mechanical bond dynamics and their influence on material properties, enabling applications in tough polymers, adaptive aerogels, and battery interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • MINs with dense mechanical bonds represent a critical area for understanding MIPs, offering unique properties derived from numerous integrated mechanical bonds.
  • These materials exhibit exceptional mechanical performance and dynamicity, driven by the collective motion of their constituent mechanical bonds.
  • Future development holds promise for transformative advancements in materials science, energy storage, and polymer engineering.