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CloVR: Fast-Startup Low-Latency Cloud VR.

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    Cloud VR systems like CloVR enhance virtual reality (VR) by offloading rendering to a server. This enables detailed virtual environments (VEs) with fast loading and low latency for users.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Science
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Virtual Reality

    Background:

    • Virtual reality (VR) headsets possess limited rendering capabilities, restricting the complexity and scale of virtual environments (VEs).
    • Cloud VR offers a solution by utilizing server-side assistance for VR clients, enabling more sophisticated VEs.
    • Existing cloud VR systems face challenges with loading times and latency, particularly during initial sessions or user movement within the VE.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce CloVR, a cloud VR system designed to overcome rendering limitations of VR headsets.
    • To enable fast loading times and low-latency interactions within large and detailed VEs.
    • To validate the performance benefits of CloVR through a user study.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed CloVR, a cloud VR system employing near-far partitioning to create a compact VE representation on the server.
    • Server renders the distant VE regions into an environment map and transmits it with near-region geometry to the client.
    • Client locally renders high-quality frames with low latency, progressively expanding the near region while maintaining visual continuity.

    Main Results:

    • CloVR significantly reduces VE loading times and provides low-latency rendering for VR applications.
    • The progressive expansion of the near region ensures seamless user experience during navigation and interaction.
    • A user study with 8 participants using Quest 2 headsets and a laptop server demonstrated CloVR's effectiveness with a 25 million triangle VE.

    Conclusions:

    • CloVR effectively addresses the rendering limitations of VR headsets by leveraging cloud-based processing.
    • The system offers substantial improvements in startup time and interaction latency, enhancing the VR user experience.
    • CloVR's architecture is suitable for collaborative VR applications demanding complex and large-scale virtual environments.