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Entanglement-based quantum digital signatures over a deployed campus network.

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    Quantum digital signatures offer information-theoretic security, surpassing traditional public-key methods. This study demonstrates their feasibility over deployed fiber networks with low error rates, paving the way for secure quantum communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Cryptography
    • Network Security

    Background:

    • Public-key digital signatures are widely used but lack information-theoretic security.
    • Quantum digital signatures (QDS) offer a potentially more secure alternative.
    • Implementing QDS in real-world networks presents significant technical challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate and characterize hardware for entanglement-based quantum digital signatures.
    • To assess the feasibility of QDS over deployed fiber optic networks.
    • To evaluate the performance metrics, including error rates and potential range.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and characterization of hardware for entanglement-based QDS.
    • Deployment and testing of the system over a campus network.
    • Collection of measurement data over 25 hours.
    • Rigorous simulation incorporating a specific noise model.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully implemented and characterized entanglement-based QDS hardware.
    • Achieved low quantum bit error rates (<5% in most cases) over the campus network.
    • Simulations indicate QDS capability at distances over 50 km.
    • Demonstrated flexibility in user numbers, albeit with reduced entanglement rates per user.

    Conclusions:

    • Quantum digital signatures can be successfully employed over deployed fiber optic infrastructure.
    • The developed system shows promise for secure communication with information-theoretic security.
    • Future upgrades can significantly enhance the signature rate, making QDS more practical.