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On-site infrasound calibration to correct wave parameter estimation.

S K Kristoffersen¹, A Le Pichon¹, M Schwardt^2,3

¹CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|March 6, 2024

Summary

On-site calibration of infrasound sensors in the International Monitoring System (IMS) improves data accuracy. This method corrects errors in wave parameter estimations, enhancing signal detection and source localization capabilities.

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Area of Science:

Geophysics and Atmospheric Science
Nuclear Test Monitoring

Background:

The International Monitoring System (IMS) uses infrasound stations to monitor nuclear testing and for scientific applications.
Accurate sensor calibration is crucial for reliable data from IMS infrasound stations.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the utility of on-site calibration for correcting infrasound sensor defects.
To demonstrate the impact of on-site calibration on wave parameter estimation and detection capabilities.

Main Methods:

Utilized on-site calibration procedures for infrasound sensors at IMS stations IS26 (Germany) and IS47 (South Africa).
Analyzed the effect of calibration on frequency response, wave parameter estimations (back azimuth, trace velocity, amplitude), and signal detection.

Main Results:

On-site calibration accurately measures sensor frequency response and identifies defects.
Uncorrected sensor issues can introduce significant errors (degrees in back azimuth, tens of m/s in trace velocity).
Applying on-site calibration corrects these errors, retrieving accurate back azimuth, trace velocity, and amplitude.

Conclusions:

On-site calibration is essential for maintaining the accuracy of IMS infrasound station data.
This calibration method enhances the detection capability and improves the identification and localization of infrasound sources.