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Scientists demonstrate light-induced orbital currents in nickel, a new method for orbitronics. These orbital currents, detected via terahertz emission, show potential for novel electronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics and Orbitronics

Background:

  • Orbitronics utilizes orbital currents as information carriers, with established methods for generating them from charge or spin currents.
  • The inverse conversion of orbital currents back to charge or spin currents is also a known phenomenon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the generation of orbital currents using femtosecond light pulses on nickel.
  • To investigate the detection and characteristics of these light-induced orbital currents and their conversion into charge currents.
  • To explore the potential of these findings for developing new orbitronic devices, particularly in the terahertz regime.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of multilayer structures combining nickel with oxides and nonmagnetic metals like copper.
  • Utilizing femtosecond laser pulses to induce orbital currents in the nickel layers.
  • Detecting orbital currents through their conversion into charge currents, evidenced by terahertz emission.
  • Analyzing the time delays of terahertz pulses to determine orbital carrier velocity and propagation length.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated and detected light-induced orbital currents in nickel-based systems.
  • Observed that orbital currents significantly predominate over light-induced spin currents in Ni-based materials.
  • Demonstrated the conversion of orbital currents into charge currents, leading to terahertz emission.
  • Obtained insights into the velocity and propagation length of orbital carriers through time-resolved terahertz emission analysis.
  • Contrasted findings with CoFeB-based systems, where only spin currents were detected.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes a novel method for generating orbital currents using light pulses, expanding the toolkit for orbitronics.
  • The predominant nature of orbital currents over spin currents in Ni-based systems offers unique advantages for device applications.
  • The observed light-induced orbital currents and their conversion to charge currents open new pathways for developing advanced orbitronic terahertz devices.