[Research status of potential therapeutic targets for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy]

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune eye disease that affects visual function and appearance, involving pathological remodeling processes of orbital tissue such as inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, lipogenesis, and fibrosis. Current clinical first-line treatment options cannot be effective for all patients. This article summarizes the research on potential therapeutic targets of TAO at home and abroad in recent years, including receptor protein targets, immune cell targets, fat suppression targets, anti-fibrosis targets, transcription factor targets, and metabolic regulatory enzyme targets. Both non-natural compounds and natural compounds are introduced, with a view to providing clinical researchers with reference and ideas in the treatment of TAO and promoting the clinical application of new therapeutic drugs.