Bactericidal Biodegradable Linear Polyamidoamines Obtained with the Use of Endogenous Polyamines

Area of Science:

• Polymer Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Polyamidoamines are versatile polymers with potential biomedical applications.
• Biogenic polyamines offer unique structural properties for polymer synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize novel linear polyamidoamines using endogenous and biogenic polyamines.
• To evaluate the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of the synthesized polymers.

Main Methods:

• Interfacial polycondensation of sebacoyl dichloride with putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and norspermidine.
• Characterization using NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.
• Cytotoxicity assays on human fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
• Antibacterial activity testing against E. coli, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa.

Main Results:

• Hydrophilic, semi-crystalline polyamidoamines with a molecular weight of ~20,000 g/mol and melting point of ~130 °C were synthesized.
• Polymers from spermine and norspermidine showed high-concentration cytotoxicity; others were non-cytotoxic up to 2000 µg/mL.
• All synthesized polymers demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, particularly against E. coli.
• Polyamidoamines from spermine exhibited the broadest spectrum of bactericidal action.

Conclusions:

• The synthesized polyamidoamines possess favorable physicochemical properties and potent antibacterial activity.
• These polymers show promise as materials for drug carriers, nanoparticles, and bactericidal formulations in dermatology and cosmetology.