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[Oral allergy syndrome (OAS)].

María Isabel Rojo Gutiérrez1, Diego Ballesteros González2

  • 1Pediatra, Alergóloga e Inmunóloga; profesora de Alergia pediátrica, Facultad de Medicina; Presidenta electa de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (SLAAI) Montevideo, Uruguay.mi_rojo@yahoo.com.

Revista Alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993)
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pollen-food allergy syndrome, or oral allergy syndrome, causes mouth and throat reactions to raw fruits and vegetables in pollen-sensitized individuals. Avoiding trigger foods is the main treatment for this common allergy.

Keywords:
Birch-appleFood allergyLipid transfer proteinsOral allergy syndromePR-10PollenProfilin

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Medicine

Context:

  • Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS), also known as oral allergy syndrome (OAS), affects individuals sensitized to pollen.
  • It is characterized by local oral and throat reactions upon ingestion of specific raw plant foods.
  • The birch-apple pairing is a classic example, with apples, pears, and plums frequently implicated.

Purpose:

  • To describe the clinical presentation, triggers, diagnosis, and management of pollen-food allergy syndrome.
  • To highlight the role of pollen-specific allergens in triggering cross-reactive food reactions.
  • To inform healthcare professionals and patients about this common allergic condition.

Summary:

  • PFAS involves IgE-mediated cross-reactivity between pollen allergens (e.g., PR-10, profilin, lipid transfer proteins) and homologous proteins in certain raw foods.
  • Symptoms range from mild oral itching to severe systemic reactions like anaphylaxis.
  • Diagnosis relies on patient history, skin prick tests, and specific IgE testing, with oral food challenges for confirmation.
  • Prevalence varies geographically, impacting 30-60% of food allergy cases, with avoidance of causative foods as the primary intervention.

Impact:

  • Increased awareness of PFAS can lead to earlier diagnosis and appropriate management, reducing patient morbidity.
  • Understanding cross-reactivity aids in personalized dietary recommendations and allergen avoidance strategies.
  • This knowledge supports public health initiatives aimed at managing allergic diseases effectively.