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Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System
Published on: August 8, 2016
Microenzymes: Is There Anybody Out There?
Jose Carlos Santos Salgado1,2, Robson Carlos Alnoch3,4, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli3,4
1Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil. salgado@usp.br.
Abstract:
Biological macromolecules are found in different shapes and sizes. Among these, enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions and are essential in all organisms, but is there a limit size for them to function properly? Large enzymes such as catalases have hundreds of kDa and are formed by multiple subunits, whereas most enzymes are smaller, with molecular weights of 20-60 kDa. Enzymes smaller than 10 kDa could be called microenzymes and the present literature review brings together evidence of their occurrence in nature. Additionally, bioactive peptides could be a natural source for novel microenzymes hidden in larger peptides and molecular downsizing could be useful to engineer artificial enzymes with low molecular weight improving their stability and heterologous expression. An integrative approach is crucial to discover and determine the amino acid sequences of novel microenzymes, together with their genomic identification and their biochemical biological and evolutionary functions.
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