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Fifth Forces from QCD Axions Scale Differently.

Martin Bauer1, Guillaume Rostagni1

  • 1Department of Physics, Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.

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|March 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We reexamined a fifth force from two axions. Higher-order terms in the QCD axion break symmetry, changing the potential to V(r)∼1/r^{3}, impacting searches for new long-range forces.

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Area of Science:

  • * Theoretical physics
  • * Particle physics
  • * Cosmology

Background:

  • * The Standard Model of particle physics does not include axions.
  • * Axions are hypothetical elementary particles that are candidates for dark matter.
  • * A macroscopic fifth force could arise from the exchange of axions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To reexamine the low-energy potential for a macroscopic fifth force generated from the exchange of two axions.
  • * To investigate how higher-order terms in the Lagrangian affect the potential.
  • * To determine the impact of these changes on searches for new long-range forces.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of the low-energy potential for a macroscopic fifth force.
  • * Examination of the shift symmetry in linear axion interactions.
  • * Inclusion of higher-order terms in the Lagrangian for the QCD axion.

Main Results:

  • * Linear axion interactions lead to a potential scaling as V(r)∼1/r^{5}.
  • * Higher-order terms in the QCD axion break shift symmetry, leading to a dominant potential scaling as V(r)∼1/r^{3}.
  • * These new contributions induce different forces for nucleons and leptons.

Conclusions:

  • * The dominant contribution to the fifth force potential scales as V(r)∼1/r^{3} for the QCD axion.
  • * The findings alter the sensitivity of searches for new long-range forces.
  • * This work provides a more accurate theoretical framework for axion-based fifth force models.