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Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

446
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
446
Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

2.4K
EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
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Voltammetry: Stripping Methods01:13

Voltammetry: Stripping Methods

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Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV), Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (CSV), and Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (AdSV) are electrochemical techniques used to determine trace amounts of analytes in solution. These methods involve applying a potential to an electrode and measuring the resulting current.
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
ASV is used to determine metals and metalloids at trace levels. It involves two steps: deposition and stripping. First, a negative potential is applied to the...
214
Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

6.3K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
6.3K
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

586
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay
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A molecular extraction process for vanadium based on tandem selective complexation and precipitation.

Oluwatomiwa A Osin1, Shuo Lin1, Benjamin S Gelfand1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.

Nature Communications
|March 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel complexation-precipitation method using naphthalimidedioxime to selectively recover pentavalent vanadium (V(V)) from complex mixtures. The method demonstrates high efficiency and selectivity, offering a non-toxic and potentially scalable solution for vanadium recycling.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for vanadium, coupled with dwindling natural sources and environmental concerns from mining, necessitates efficient recycling strategies.
  • Existing methods for vanadium recovery often face challenges with selectivity and environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a selective and efficient method for recovering pentavalent vanadium ions (V(V)) from complex metal mixtures.
  • To utilize a novel acid-stable metal binding agent, naphthalimidedioxime (H2CIDIII), for vanadium complexation and subsequent precipitation.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a complexation-precipitation technique using naphthalimidedioxime (H2CIDIII) to bind V(V) ions.
  • Investigated the crystal structures of V(V) complexes formed (1:1 and 1:2 M:L ratios).
  • Utilized pH-controlled precipitation for facile separation of anionic vanadium complexes.

Main Results:

  • Naphthalimidedioxime (H2CIDIII) demonstrated high extraction capacity and rapid binding for V(V).
  • The method achieved high recovery selectivity for V(V) with a selectivity coefficient > 3 × 10^5 in synthetic and real oil sand tailings.
  • Zebrafish toxicity assays confirmed the non-toxicity of the recovered vanadium complexes.

Conclusions:

  • The tandem complexation-precipitation technique using H2CIDIII is highly effective for selective V(V) recovery.
  • The method offers a promising, non-toxic, and potentially scalable approach for recycling vanadium from diverse sources.
  • This approach avoids the need for solid supports, simplifying the recovery process.