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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Dual-Energy CT in Oncologic Imaging.

Giovanni Foti1, Giorgio Ascenti2, Andrea Agostini3

  • 1Department of Radiology, IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Via Don A. Sempreboni 5, 37024 Negrar, Italy.

Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Dual-energy CT (DECT) offers advanced tissue characterization for improved lesion detection. This technology enhances oncologic imaging by providing detailed insights for tumor assessment and patient management.

Keywords:
dual-energy CTiodine mapmonoenergeticoncologyvirtual non contrast

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Oncologic Imaging

Background:

  • Dual-energy CT (DECT) is an advanced imaging technique utilizing varying X-ray energy spectra.
  • It enables superior tissue characterization compared to conventional CT by analyzing differential attenuation properties.
  • DECT applications are expanding in clinical practice, particularly in oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of DECT applications and post-processing techniques.
  • To highlight the utility of DECT in oncologic patient management.
  • To discuss benefits such as enhanced lesion detection and material characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of principal DECT applications and post-processing techniques.
  • Focus on virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs), iodine density maps, virtual non-contrast images (VNC), and virtual non-calcium (VNCa).
  • Evaluation of DECT's role in tumor assessment, staging, and post-therapy evaluation.

Main Results:

  • DECT facilitates enhanced lesion detection and characterization.
  • It allows precise material composition determination and artifact reduction.
  • Key post-processing applications include VMIs, iodine maps, VNC, and VNCa for BME detection.

Conclusions:

  • DECT significantly enhances oncologic imaging capabilities.
  • Its versatile applications improve diagnosis, staging, and management of cancer patients.
  • DECT offers benefits including reduced iodine dose and improved image quality.