Modification mechanism of calcium lignosulfonate on cementing cement

During the construction of coalbed methane extraction wells, cementing cement sheath is crucial for the stability and sealing of surface wells. One effective method to enhance these properties is the addition of lignosulfonate. However, the mechanism of the effect of calcium lignosulfonate on the whole process of cement hydration is still unclear. In this paper, the water distribution and variation characteristics of calcium lignosulfonate modified cement paste were revealed by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology, and the hydration ion experiment of modified cement was carried out to obtain the variation characteristics of hydration ions of modified cementing cement. Finally, the formation mechanism of hydration products was clarified by analyzing the phase change of modified cement stone. The results indicate that the cement paste's hydration process can be divided into four stages: dissolution, crystallization, acceleration, and decline. During the dissolution stage, calcium lignosulfonate's air entraining effect maintains the cement paste in a stable suspension state. In the crystallization stage, calcium lignosulfonate's electro-repulsion delays the formation of hydration products and the hydration process. During the acceleration stage, the addition of calcium lignosulfonate reduces bound water formation in the cement slurry's flocculation structure, and the released filled water participates more in the hydration reaction, reducing the total relaxation signal's increasing trend. In the decline stage, the cement paste has solidified, and the system's water is primarily in the porous medium. The research results have practical guiding significance for the addition of calcium lignosulfonate in cementing operations.