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Health and Wellness Coaching and Sustained Gains: A Rapid Systematic Review
Elizabeth Ahmann1, Micah Saviet2, Lisa Conboy3
1Maryland University of Integrative Health, Laurel, MD, USA & Springer Institute, Cheverly, MD, USA.
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|April 1, 2024
Summary
Health and wellness coaching (HWC) supports behavior change, with most studies showing sustained results. This review found that HWC facilitates lasting positive health outcomes across various categories.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Science
- Health Coaching
- Behavior Change Models
Background:
- The Transtheoretical Model of Change includes a maintenance stage for behaviors sustained over six months.
- Health and wellness coaching (HWC) aids behavior change, but long-term maintenance of results needs more investigation.
- Sustained gains after HWC completion are under-explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review research on sustained health and wellness coaching outcomes.
- To understand long-term results following health and wellness coaching interventions.
Main Methods:
- Rapid systematic literature review using Cochrane guidelines.
- Included 28 studies from Sforzo et al. compendia (2018, 2020).
- Analyzed outcomes (physiological, behavioral, psychological, risk assessment) for sustained, partial, or improved results.
Main Results:
- Twenty-five of 28 studies showed partially or fully sustained/improved outcomes.
- Sustained gains were observed across all outcome categories.
- Evidence supports HWC's role in facilitating lasting behavior change.
Conclusions:
- Health and wellness coaching demonstrates efficacy in achieving sustained health improvements.
- HWC is a valuable tool for promoting long-term positive health behavior changes.
- Further research should continue to explore maintenance of gains in HWC.
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