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Scientists developed a new strategy to design anomalous cooling and heating effects in mesoscopic systems. This approach utilizes timescale separation and nonmonotonic temperature evolution for faster system equilibration.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Mesoscopic Physics

Background:

  • Systems far from equilibrium can exhibit anomalous equilibration behaviors like the Mpemba effect and cooling-heating asymmetry.
  • These phenomena offer potential for accelerating system cooling or heating processes.
  • A clear strategy for designing these effects in mesoscopic systems is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical framework for designing anomalous equilibration effects in mesoscopic systems.
  • To provide a strategy for controlling cooling and heating times.
  • To explain paradoxical behaviors observed during system equilibration.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating the evolution of macroscopic physical observables in systems undergoing relaxation after thermal quenches.
  • Employing timescale separation as a key theoretical component.
  • Analyzing the nonmonotonic temperature evolution of a crucial state function near first-order phase transitions.

Main Results:

  • A theoretical description enabling the formulation of strategies for anomalous equilibration effects has been established.
  • The approach naturally explains paradoxical behaviors like cooling-heating asymmetry.
  • The one-dimensional Ising model in a magnetic field was used to exemplify the theory through analytical and numerical methods.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed theoretical framework provides a generalizable strategy for designing anomalous equilibration in mesoscopic systems.
  • Timescale separation and nonmonotonic state function temperature dependence are identified as critical generic features near first-order transitions.
  • The study offers a pathway to exploit anomalous thermodynamic behaviors for practical applications in controlling system relaxation times.