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Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
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Related Experiment Video

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Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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Functional brain networks in Developmental Topographical Disorientation.

Mahsa Faryadras1, Ford Burles2, Giuseppe Iaria2,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4 AB, Canada.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with Developmental Topographical Disorientation exhibit altered brain functional networks, showing increased connectivity and efficiency. These changes suggest compensatory mechanisms may underlie this lifelong disorientation.

Keywords:
Developmental Topographical DisorientationfMRIfunctional connectivitynetwork neuroscienceresting-state networks

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Developmental Topographical Disorientation (DTD) is a lifelong neurological condition causing severe orientation difficulties.
  • The underlying neural mechanisms of DTD remain largely unknown despite extensive research.
  • DTD is characterized by an inability to navigate even familiar environments without other cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional brain network alterations in individuals with DTD.
  • To compare the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of DTD patients with healthy controls.
  • To identify specific network modifications associated with DTD.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to analyze brain activity.
  • Functional brain networks were compared between individuals with DTD (n=19) and healthy controls (n=21).
  • Analysis focused on connectivity, network efficiency, and specific node involvement.

Main Results:

  • Established resting-state networks (RSNs) were present in both groups.
  • The DTD group showed greater overall functional network connectivity and connectivity strength.
  • Increased global and local efficiency were observed in the DTD group's functional network, with enhanced inter-RSN connectivity via indirect paths.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that altered brain network organization, potentially through compensatory mechanisms, is associated with DTD.
  • Specific nodes within the functional network were identified as key contributors to these differences.
  • These insights may pave the way for novel diagnostic tools for Developmental Topographical Disorientation.