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Preclinical Atopic Dermatitis Skin in Infants: An Emerging Research Area

Amy S Paller1, Tiffany C Scharschmidt2, Sanja Kezic3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|April 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Preclinical atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants shows distinct skin changes before clinical symptoms appear. Identifying these early markers could lead to interventions preventing or reducing AD severity.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiome research

Background:

  • Clinically apparent atopic dermatitis (AD) is diagnosable, but the preclinical phase in infants is poorly understood.
  • Infants who develop AD have distinct changes in their clinically normal-appearing skin, similar to nonlesional skin in adults with AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structural, immunological, and microbiome characteristics of the preclinical atopic dermatitis (AD) phenotype in infants.
  • To identify potential markers for predicting AD development in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of prospective studies examining preclinical AD phenotypes.
  • Analysis of structural, immunological, and microbiome data from infant skin.

Main Results:

  • Clinically normal skin in infants who will develop AD exhibits unique structural, immunological, and microbiome alterations.
  • These preclinical changes offer insights into the early pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the preclinical AD phenotype is crucial for early detection and intervention.
  • Identifying predictive markers can enable targeted strategies to prevent or mitigate AD in at-risk infants.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisBiomarkersEpidermal barrierInfantsPersonalized medicine

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