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A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
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An All-Soluble Fe/Mn-Based Alkaline Redox Flow Battery System.

Xiaochen Shen1, Christian Kellamis1, Vincent Tam1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores an iron-manganese redox flow battery (RFB) system for cost-effective energy storage. The alkaline Fe/Mn RFB demonstrated high Coulombic efficiency but requires acid treatment to maintain voltage efficiency.

Keywords:
all-solubleiron triethanolamine complexlarge-scale energy storagelow-costpermanganate ionresistance analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are crucial for large-scale energy storage and renewable energy integration.
  • Developing cost-effective and high-performance RFB systems remains a significant challenge.
  • Iron and manganese are abundant, low-cost elements suitable for sustainable battery chemistries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel alkaline iron-manganese (Fe/Mn) redox flow battery system.
  • To evaluate the performance of the [(TEA)Fe-O-Fe(TEA)]3-/4- and MnO4-/2- redox couples.
  • To assess the feasibility of this system for low-cost, high-energy storage applications.

Main Methods:

  • Constant current cycling tests were conducted at ±41 mA cm-2.
  • The battery was cycled between 20% and 80% state of charge (SOC) for 800 hours (400 cycles).
  • Periodic acid treatment was employed to address performance degradation.

Main Results:

  • The Fe/Mn RFB system achieved an apparent Coulombic efficiency (CE) approaching 100%.
  • Voltage efficiency (VE) decreased from approximately 75.3% to 61.4% over the testing period.
  • Manganese dioxide (MnO2) deposition on the separator was identified as a cause for increased internal resistance.

Conclusions:

  • The alkaline Fe/Mn RFB system shows promise for low-cost, sustainable energy storage.
  • Maintaining voltage efficiency requires mitigation strategies for MnO2 deposition.
  • Periodic acid treatment can effectively restore voltage efficiency by removing separator deposits.