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Optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis.

Amin Najafi1, Negin Ashoori2, Katayoon Hosseini2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation Ophthalmology Journal
|April 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) reveals thinner retinal nerve fiber layer in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Age and sex influence these OCT measurements, suggesting OCT as a potential screening tool for MS.

Keywords:
biomarkerdisseminated sclerosishealthy participantsms (multiple sclerosis)nerve fiberoptic neuritidesoptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease impacting the central nervous system.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is emerging as a potential biomarker for MS.
  • Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) is a key OCT measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure circumpapillary RNFL thickness (cpRNFLT) using OCT.
  • To compare cpRNFLT in healthy individuals versus those with MS (with and without optic neuritis).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of MS patients and healthy controls.
  • Measurement of total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLT using swept-source OCT.
  • Documentation of demographic data and MS history.

Main Results:

  • Significantly thinner cpRNFLT in MS patients (with/without optic neuritis) compared to controls (P < 0.001).
  • Women exhibited thicker cpRNFLT than men (P < 0.05).
  • Age showed a moderate inverse correlation with total cpRNFLT (r = -0.41; P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • MS patients demonstrate reduced cpRNFLT, supporting OCT's potential as an MS screening tool.
  • Age and sex significantly influence cpRNFLT measurements in MS.
  • Further longitudinal and diagnostic accuracy studies are needed to confirm OCT's role as an MS biomarker.