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Squeezed Ensembles and Anomalous Dynamic Roughening in Interacting Integrable Chains.

Guillaume Cecile1, Jacopo De Nardis1, Enej Ilievski2

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, CNRS UMR 8089, CY Cergy Paris Université, 95302 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France.

Physical Review Letters
|April 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Certain quantum systems avoid typical thermalization, relaxing to exotic states with unusual fluctuations. This study explores these anomalous behaviors in integrable quantum models, offering testable predictions for cold atom experiments.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Isolated integrable quantum systems are expected to equilibrate to generalized Gibbs ensembles.
  • Canonical thermalization describes the expected relaxation dynamics in such systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize initial states in interacting integrable models that deviate from standard generalized thermalization.
  • To investigate anomalous quantum transport and fluctuations in specific quantum states.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the quantum XXZ chain in the easy-axis regime.
  • Study of pure nonequilibrium initial states lacking magnetic fluctuations.
  • Examination of relaxation dynamics and fluctuation properties.

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Main Results:

  • Nonfluctuating initial states relax to squeezed generalized Gibbs ensembles with subextensive charge fluctuations.
  • At the isotropic point, relaxation from the Néel state exhibits extensive fluctuations and superdiffusive scaling (Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality).
  • Other nonfluctuating states, like spin singlets, show diffusive scaling.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrates a class of initial states evading canonical thermalization in integrable models.
  • Highlights exotic equilibrium states with anomalous scaling and fluctuations.
  • Provides experimentally testable predictions for cold atomic systems regarding quantum transport.