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The COVID-19 pandemic revealed gaps in understanding work ability among older workers. Future research should explore its theoretical basis, moderators, and broaden the concept for better insights.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Occupational Health
  • Organizational Psychology

Background:

  • Work ability research is growing within the aging workforce literature.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted potential limitations in current work ability frameworks.
  • Understanding factors influencing older workers' sustained employment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify gaps in the understanding of work ability, its antecedents, and outcomes.
  • To propose future research directions for the concept of work ability.
  • To enhance the conceptualization of work ability for older workers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual analysis.
  • Identification of research gaps through critical examination of existing studies.
  • Synthesis of theoretical perspectives on work ability.

Main Results:

  • The pandemic underscored the need to re-evaluate the work ability concept.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the complexities faced by older workers.
  • Gaps exist in understanding moderators and outcomes related to work ability.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to refine the theoretical underpinnings of work ability.
  • Investigating moderators can reveal factors that enhance work ability.
  • Broadening the concept is essential for accurately representing older workers' experiences.