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Pressure Tuning and Sn Particle Size Optimization for Enhanced Performance in PbSnF4-Based All-Solid-State Fluoride
Chaochao Wei1,2, Chen Liu1, Yujie Xiao1
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 8, 2024
Summary
All-solid-state fluoride ion batteries (ASSFIBs) using nanostructured tin anodes demonstrate enhanced performance. Optimized batteries show high capacity and excellent cyclability at room and low temperatures, paving the way for advanced energy storage.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- All-solid-state fluoride ion batteries (ASSFIBs) offer potential for safe, high-density energy storage.
- Key challenges include poor ionic conductivity, anode material limitations, and volume expansion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize PbSnF4 solid electrolytes in different phases (β- and γ-).
- To investigate the performance of ASSFIBs using β-PbSnF4 electrolytes with BiF3 cathodes and Sn anodes (micrometer and nanometer sizes).
- To explore the impact of Sn anode nanostructure and particle size on battery performance.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of β- and γ-PbSnF4 solid electrolytes.
- Fabrication and electrochemical testing of BiF3/β-PbSnF4/Sn all-solid-state fluoride ion batteries.
- Comparative analysis of micrometer-sized (μ-Sn) and nanometer-sized (n-Sn) anodes.
- Cyclability and rate performance evaluation at room temperature and -20 °C.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of β- and γ-PbSnF4 solid electrolytes.
- ASSFIBs with β-PbSnF4 electrolytes and n-Sn anodes exhibited superior performance compared to μ-Sn anodes.
- Optimized battery achieved an initial discharge capacity of 181.3 mAh g⁻¹ at 8 mA g⁻¹.
- High reversible capacity (>100.0 mAh g⁻¹) was maintained after 120 cycles at 40 mA g⁻¹ at room temperature.
- Excellent performance (>90.0 mAh g⁻¹) with over 100 cycles was observed at -20 °C.
- Reduced Sn particle size and increased external pressure enhance defluorination/fluorination behavior.
Conclusions:
- Nanostructured Sn anodes significantly improve the performance of BiF3/β-PbSnF4/Sn ASSFIBs.
- Optimized ASSFIBs demonstrate high capacity and excellent cyclability across a range of temperatures.
- Controlling Sn anode particle size and applying external pressure are critical for efficient fluoride ion transport.
- These findings provide a pathway for developing high-performance ASSFIBs for diverse operating conditions.
