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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Inactivation of Pathogens via Visible-Light Photolysis of Riboflavin-5′-Phosphate
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Boron Cluster Renders Organic Radicals Water-Stable for Photothermal Anti-Infections.

Ju Xiao1, Wen-Zhen Li1, Ren-Yi Xiong1

  • 1Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a water-stable supramolecular radical (MB12-2) for antibacterial photothermal therapy (PTT). This radical exhibits enhanced stability and high efficacy in treating skin infections, offering a new approach for noncontact bacterial infection treatment.

Keywords:
boron clusterchaotropic effectphotothermal therapysupramolecular radicalswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Organic radicals are promising for photothermal therapy (PTT) but often lack stability in biological settings.
  • Developing stable organic radicals is crucial for advancing PTT applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a water-stable supramolecular radical for efficient antibacterial photothermal therapy.
  • To investigate the stability and efficacy of the developed radical in treating bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a supramolecular radical precursor (MB12-1) using a chaotropic effect between closo-dodecaborate cluster (B12H12^2-) and MPT^2+.
  • Generated the radical form (MB12-2) via photoinduced electron transfer (PET) using triethanolamine (TEOA) and 435-nm laser.
  • Assessed stability using N2 adsorption-desorption and UV-vis spectroscopy; evaluated antibacterial activity in a skin infection model.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a water-stable supramolecular radical (MB12-2) with a half-life of up to 20 days.
  • Demonstrated >97% photothermal antibacterial activity under 660-nm laser irradiation.
  • Showed promotion of wound healing in a skin infection model.

Conclusions:

  • A novel method for creating long-term water-stable supramolecular radicals was developed.
  • MB12-2 shows significant potential for noncontact treatment of bacterial infections via PTT.
  • The findings open new avenues for advanced wound dressings and infection therapies.