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People Have Systematically Different Ownership Intuitions in Seemingly Simple Cases.

Xiuyuan Zhang1, Paul Bloom1,2, Julian Jara-Ettinger1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yale University.

Psychological Science
|May 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People disagree on ownership transfer, often unaware of differing views. These ownership intuitions impact judgments about object use and control, stemming from intention-based or possession-based theories.

Keywords:
intuitive theoriesopen dataopen materialsownershippreregistrationsocial cognitiontheory of mind

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Understanding ownership is fundamental to social interactions and resource allocation.
  • Intuitions about ownership transfer shape how individuals perceive and interact with property.
  • Existing research highlights the complexity of ownership judgments, yet underlying intuitive theories remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate laypeople's intuitions regarding ownership transfer across varied scenarios.
  • To examine awareness of disagreements in ownership intuitions and the overestimation of consensus.
  • To determine the relationship between ownership intuitions and judgments about object manipulation (use, alteration, control, destruction).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized parametrically varied hypothetical events to elicit ownership transfer intuitions from U.S. adult participants.
  • Conducted experiments involving direct questioning about ownership and acceptability of object manipulation.
  • Employed subject-level analyses to identify distinct underlying intuitive theories.

Main Results:

  • Found significant divergence in ownership intuitions for certain scenarios, contradicting an assumption of consensus.
  • Participants overestimated agreement on ownership, unaware of their differing intuitions.
  • Ownership intuitions significantly predicted judgments on using, altering, controlling, and destroying objects, even without explicit ownership mention.

Conclusions:

  • Disagreements in ownership intuitions stem from at least two distinct theories: one prioritizing intentions and another prioritizing physical possession.
  • These intuitive theories have broad implications for understanding property rights and social behavior.
  • Further research is needed to explore the development and application of these ownership theories across diverse contexts.