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Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification

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Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication - Worldwide, January 2022-December 2023.

Keri Geiger, Tasha Stehling-Ariza, John Paul Bigouette

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|May 16, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Global polio eradication efforts continue, with wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) cases decreasing but spreading geographically. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks also increased, necessitating intensified vaccination and surveillance.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Infectious Disease Control

Background:

Poliomyelitis (polio) eradication efforts began in 1988, successfully eliminating two wild poliovirus (WPV) serotypes.
Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) remains endemic in Afghanistan and Pakistan, posing the primary challenge to global eradication.
Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) represent a significant public health concern, arising from vaccine virus reversion.

Purpose of the Study:

To report on global polio immunization and surveillance activities from January 2022 to December 2023.
To analyze the epidemiology of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) and circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) during the reporting period.
To assess progress towards global polio eradication and identify areas requiring intensified intervention.

Main Methods:

Analysis of global polio immunization and surveillance data, including case reporting and environmental surveillance.
Epidemiological assessment of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) transmission.
Data collection and reporting current as of April 10, 2024.

Main Results:

Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) cases decreased from 22 in 2022 to 12 in 2023 in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
WPV1 transmission detected in 13 provinces via environmental surveillance in 2023, up from seven in 2022.
Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) cases decreased from 881 in 2022 to 524 in 2023, but outbreaks occurred in 32 countries, including eight new ones.

Conclusions:

Despite reductions in paralytic polio cases, both cVDPV and WPV1 cases were more geographically widespread in 2023.
Sustained progress requires renewed efforts in vaccinating persistently missed children in endemic areas.
Strengthening routine immunization and improving cVDPV outbreak responses are crucial for achieving global polio eradication.