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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

1.6K
The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
1.6K
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

1.8K
The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
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Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
1.7K
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

1.2K
The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
1.2K
Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

854
Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
854
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

236
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
236

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Chuzhen Therapy as a Non-Invasive Traditional Chinese Therapy for Neck Pain
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Chuzhen Therapy as a Non-Invasive Traditional Chinese Therapy for Neck Pain

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[Swelling on the neck].

Benita Janisch1, Tobias Öttl2

  • 1Gesundheitszentrum Fricktal Spital Rheinfelden Klinik für Innere Medizin, Rheinfelden, benita.janisch@gzf.ch.

Praxis
|May 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A patient with metastatic melanoma in a neck lymph node, without a detectable primary tumor, achieved a complete response after one year of pembrolizumab immunotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • A 30-year-old female presented with a left cervical lymph node swelling.
  • Excision revealed metastatic malignant melanoma; primary tumor was undetected.
  • Standard guidelines recommend neck dissection and adjuvant therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of metastatic melanoma treated with immunotherapy.
  • To highlight the efficacy of pembrolizumab in a challenging clinical scenario.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic lymph node excision and histopathological examination.
  • Treatment with pembrolizumab (immunotherapy).
  • Clinical and radiological follow-up for one year.

Main Results:

Keywords:
malignant melanomaLymphadenopathyimmunotherapyneck dissectionpembrolizumab

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  • Complete remission of metastatic melanoma after one year of pembrolizumab treatment.
  • No evidence of primary tumor or further metastasis detected.

Conclusions:

  • Pembrolizumab can be an effective treatment option for metastatic melanoma, even when the primary tumor is occult.
  • Immunotherapy offers a promising alternative to traditional therapies in select cases of melanoma metastasis.