Oncogenic Pathways and Targeted Therapies in Ovarian Cancer.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genetics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly aggressive gynecological malignancy with poor survival rates, often diagnosed at advanced stages.
• Current treatments (debulking surgery, platinum-based therapies) achieve remission but are limited by innate and acquired resistance, leading to incurable relapse.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the genetic landscape and molecular pathways driving EOC and its subtypes.
• To examine preclinical and clinical therapeutic strategies for EOC.
• To highlight the role of genetic alterations in EOC progression and treatment resistance.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of genetic alterations and molecular pathways in EOC.
• Analysis of preclinical and clinical therapeutic strategies.
• Examination of signaling pathways (PI3K, MAPK) and DNA damage repair pathways.

Main Results:

• Identified key genetic alterations and molecular pathways contributing to EOC heterogeneity and progression.
• Highlighted the significance of understanding how genetic alterations drive resistance to current therapies.
• Emphasized the critical roles of PI3K and MAPK pathways in EOC subtypes.

Conclusions:

• Decoding the interplay of genetic alterations is crucial for understanding EOC progression and resistance.
• PI3K and MAPK pathways are promising targets for novel EOC therapies.
• Combination therapies targeting signaling pathways and DNA damage repair may lead to tailored, effective treatments for EOC.