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Updated: Jul 5, 2026
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Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Published on: July 3, 2014
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Outcome Trajectories after Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Lourdes Carhuapoma1, Santosh Murthy2, Vishank A Shah3
1Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Seminars in Neurology
|May 24, 2024
Summary
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recovery is protracted, with many survivors improving over a year. Early prognostication and life support withdrawal limit understanding of the true natural history of ICH outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Stroke Medicine
- Neurocritical Care
Background:
- Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) carries high mortality and disability.
- Traditional 3-month outcome assessments underestimate long-term recovery potential.
- Early withdrawal of life support, influenced by prognostication biases, hinders understanding of ICH natural history.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on functional and non-functional recovery trajectories after ICH.
- To identify limitations in current prognostication practices for ICH survivors.
- To highlight research gaps in understanding the protracted recovery course of ICH.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature on ICH outcomes.
- Analysis of functional and non-functional recovery domains.
- Evaluation of prognostication methods and their impact on patient care.
Main Results:
- ICH recovery extends beyond 3 months, with significant improvements observed up to 1 year.
- Over 40% of severely disabled survivors achieve functional independence within a year.
- Cognition, mood, and quality of life are understudied recovery domains in ICH.
Conclusions:
- ICH recovery is a prolonged process requiring extended follow-up.
- Current prognostication is often pessimistic and can lead to premature withdrawal of care.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the full natural history and optimize recovery after ICH.
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