Dynamic Marine Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of AZ91 Mg Alloy Sailing from Yellow Sea to Western Pacific Ocean

In this work, the dynamic marine atmospheric corrosion behavior of AZ91 Mg alloy sailing from Yellow Sea to Western Pacific Ocean was studied. The corrosion rates were measured using the weight loss method. The microstructure, phase, and chemical composition of corroded samples were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, and XPS. The results show that the evolution of corrosion rates of AZ91 Mg alloy was divided into three stages: rapidly increasing during the first 3 months, then remaining stable for the next three months, and finally decreasing after 6 months. The annual corrosion rate of Mg alloy reached 32.50 μm/y after exposure for 12 months in a dynamic marine atmospheric environment, which was several times higher than that of the static field exposure tests. AZ91 magnesium alloy was mainly subjected to localized corrosion with more destructiveness to Mg parts, which is mainly due to the synergistic effect of high relative humidity, the high deposition rate of chloride ion, sulfur dioxide acidic gas produced by fuel combustion, and rapid temperature changes caused by the alternating changes in longitude and latitude during navigation. As the exposure time increased, the corrosion pits gradually increased and deepened. The maximum depth of the corrosion pit was 197 μm after 12 months of exposure, which is almost 6 times the average corrosion depth. This study provides scientific data support for the application of magnesium alloys in shipborne aircraft and electronic equipment. The results could provide guidance for the design of new magnesium alloys and development of anti-corrosion technologies.