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Polydimethylsiloxane Surface Modification of Microfluidic Devices for Blood Plasma Separation.

Margarida Gonçalves1,2, Inês Maia Gonçalves3,4,5, Joel Borges6,7

  • 1Microelectromechanical Systems Research Unit, CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.

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|May 25, 2024
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Summary

Researchers modified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices to improve blood plasma separation. Surface modification using polyethylene oxide (PEO) surfactant created hydrophilic surfaces, enhancing device efficiency and sample purity.

Keywords:
PDMSblood flow studiescapillary studiesmicrofluidic devicessurface modification

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices are crucial for analytical and clinical diagnostics, enabling biological sample processing.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used but its hydrophobic nature hinders performance in applications like plasma separation.
  • Hydrophobic surfaces cause poor wetting, fluid mixing issues, and reduced efficiency in biomolecule detection and plasma separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate surface modification methods for creating hydrophilic PDMS microfluidic devices.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different surfactants and modification techniques for improving PDMS wettability.
  • To enhance the efficiency of blood plasma separation in microfluidic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfluidic devices using stereolithography and PDMS double casting.
  • Surface modification of PDMS using bulk mixture and surface immersion methods with Pluronic® F127, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyethylene oxide (PEO) surfactants.
  • Characterization of surface wettability using water contact angle (WCA) measurements and capillary flow studies.

Main Results:

  • PDMS surfaces modified with polyethylene oxide (PEO) surfactant at 2.5% (v/v) exhibited the best hydrophilic properties (WCA < 50°) for extended periods.
  • The PEO-modified PDMS surfaces maintained optical properties without degradation.
  • Capillary flow studies demonstrated improved fluid handling and reduced air bubble trapping in modified microchannels.

Conclusions:

  • PDMS surface modification, particularly with PEO, significantly enhances hydrophilicity and performance of microfluidic devices.
  • Improved wettability facilitates blood plasma separation, reduces cell aggregation, and minimizes air bubble issues.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for developing more efficient and reliable microfluidic diagnostic tools.