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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression
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Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression

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Poxviruses in Children.

Katarzyna Mazur-Melewska1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland. katarzynamelewska@ump.edu.pl.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Poxviridae viruses can infect children, with Orthopoxvirus (OPV) posing a risk due to decreased immunity post-smallpox eradication. This review covers OPV

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Paediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Poxviridae viruses are widespread, affecting vertebrates and insects.
  • Human infections are primarily caused by Orthopoxvirus (OPV), Molluscipoxvirus, and Parapoxvirus.
  • Reduced population immunity to OPV following smallpox eradication presents a significant concern for children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on Poxviridae infections in children.
  • To detail the aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of these infections.
  • To highlight the specific risks and considerations for the paediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Poxviridae infections in children.
  • Analysis of aetiological factors, clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies.
Keywords:
ChildrenMolluscum contagiosumMpoxPoxviridaeSmallpox

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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 2
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  • Synthesis of current evidence regarding viral impact on paediatric health.

    • Main Results:

    • Poxviridae infections, particularly OPV, are relevant in the paediatric population.
    • Lack of widespread vaccination has led to diminished herd immunity against OPV.
    • Understanding the spectrum of Poxviridae infections is crucial for paediatric care.

    Conclusions:

    • Poxviridae infections require careful consideration in children, especially OPV.
    • The review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing these viral diseases in paediatric patients.
    • Ongoing vigilance and research are necessary to address Poxviridae threats in children.