How Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances Affect Gamete Viability and Fertilization Capability: Insights from the
Cielle Lockington1, Laura A Favetta1
1Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Journal of Xenobiotics
|May 28, 2024
Summary
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) negatively impact human fertility by affecting both egg and sperm quality. This review highlights significant evidence of PFAS detrimental effects on reproductive health and fertilization capabilities.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Reproductive Biology
Background:
- Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental contaminants known for their persistence.
- Emerging research links PFAS exposure to adverse effects on reproductive health and fertility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current literature on the impact of PFAS on gamete viability and fertilization.
- To highlight key studies examining male and female fertility in relation to PFAS exposure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating PFAS effects on reproductive parameters.
- Analysis of research on hormonal regulation, gametogenesis, and early embryonic development.
Main Results:
- PFAS exposure disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in females, reducing key hormone levels and impairing folliculogenesis.
- In males, PFAS negatively affect sperm motility, morphology, testosterone production, and capacitation.
- Embryonic development to the blastocyst stage is reduced following PFAS exposure.
Conclusions:
- Significant evidence indicates that PFAS exposure has detrimental effects on human fertility.
- High doses of these persistent environmental compounds can substantially impair reproductive capabilities in both sexes.
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