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Relationship between sleep disturbance and developmental status in preschool-aged children with developmental

Sung Hyun Kim1, Chung Reen Kim2, Donghwi Park3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.

BMC Pediatrics
|May 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Sleep disturbances in children with developmental delay (DD) are linked to cognitive and socio-emotional issues. Addressing sleep problems is crucial for effective rehabilitation and development in young children with DD.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Sleep significantly impacts childhood development.
  • Sleep disturbances are more prevalent in children with developmental delay (DD) compared to typically developing children.
  • Limited research exists on the specific correlations between sleep disturbances and developmental features in children with DD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between sleep disturbances and specific developmental aspects in preschool-aged children with DD.
  • To identify which sleep disturbance patterns correlate with particular developmental domains.

Main Methods:

  • 45 children with DD (mean age 27.0 ± 11.1 months) were assessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III).
  • Spearman's rank correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were employed to examine relationships between SDSC subscales and BSID-III domains.
  • Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • Cognition and socio-emotional domains (BSID-III) were significantly associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (DOES subscale of SDSC).
  • Expressive language domain (BSID-III) showed an association with arousal disorders (DA subscale of SDSC).
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness may negatively impact emotional, behavioral, and cognitive functions; arousal disorders may affect language expression via memory consolidation.

Conclusions:

  • Specific sleep disturbances, namely arousal disorders (DA) and excessive daytime sleepiness (DOES), are correlated with developmental outcomes in preschool children with DD.
  • Sleep problems can hinder development and reduce the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions for children with DD.
  • Early identification and management of sleep issues are vital components of comprehensive care for children with DD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child DevelopmentDevelopmental DisabilitiesPreschool ChildSleepSleep-Wake Disorders

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