[Towards a new way to classify diabetes mellitus]

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Genetics and Genomics
• Personalized Medicine

Background:

• Precision medicine utilizes molecular and genetic biomarkers for patient stratification.
• Optimizing therapeutic response is a key goal of precision medicine.
• Diabetes mellitus presents with diverse subtypes, including type 1 and various forms of type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of a novel diabetes classification system.
• To align diabetes subtyping with precision medicine principles.
• To enhance personalized treatment strategies for diabetic patients.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on diabetes classification.
• Analysis of molecular, genetic, and clinical patient data.
• Integration of precision medicine approaches into diabetes subtyping.

Main Results:

• Identification of distinct diabetes subtypes based on biomarkers and clinical features.
• Recognition of overlapping characteristics between type 1 and type 2 diabetes subtypes.
• Highlighting specific patient groups prone to macrovascular complications.

Conclusions:

• A refined classification of diabetes is crucial for personalized medicine.
• Stratifying patients based on specific diabetes types can optimize therapeutic outcomes.
• This approach holds promise for reducing diabetes-related complications, particularly macrovascular ones.