Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor After Receiving Treatment for Non-small Cell Carcinoma

Inflammatory pseudotumor encompasses a spectrum of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions characterized by a histological pattern featuring a proliferation of cytologically bland spindle cells, accompanied by a prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Within this spectrum, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) has emerged as a distinct entity over the past two decades, marked by unique clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics. Typically affecting the visceral soft tissues of children and adolescents, IMT exhibits a propensity for local recurrence while posing a minimal risk of distant metastasis. They are extremely rare in adults, constituting less than 1% of adult lung tumors. Our patient, a 63-year-old female, has an intricate medical background, encompassing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a previous history of smoking (35 pack-years, quit a year before admission), coronary artery disease, non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and obstructive sleep apnea. Presenting with a diagnostic dilemma, she recently received treatment for non-small cell carcinoma with radiation therapy, which has evolved into a swiftly advancing case of IMT.