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Updated: Jun 25, 2025
Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models for Human Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis
Published on: May 12, 2019
Molecular Pathology of Urothelial Carcinoma
Hikmat Al-Ahmadie1, George J Netto2
1Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NW 10065, USA.
Abstract:
Urothelial carcinoma is characterized by the presence of a wide spectrum of histopathologic features and molecular alterations that contribute to its morphologic and genomic heterogeneity. It typically harbors high rates of somatic mutations with considerable genomic and transcriptional complexity and heterogeneity that is reflective of its varied histomorphologic and clinical features. This review provides an update on the recent advances in the molecular characterization and novel molecular taxonomy of urothelial carcinoma and variant histologies.
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