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Training labor and treatment behavior: Evidence from physician residency programs.

Brendan Rabideau1, Michael R Richards2, Christopher M Whaley3

  • 1Analysis Group, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Health Economics
|June 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Introducing new residency programs impacts hospital care. Emergency medicine programs may decrease treatment intensity, while obstetrics programs can ease capacity constraints, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
graduate medical educationhealthcare accessmedicarephysician workforceresidency training

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Medical Education
  • Hospital Management

Background:

  • Public and private investments aim to build the physician workforce.
  • The impact of training programs on hospital care delivery is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how the introduction of residency training programs affects hospital access and treatment intensity.
  • To differentiate the effects of Emergency Medicine (EM) and Obstetrics/Gynecology (OBGYN) residency programs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized all-payer data to analyze the introduction of EM and OBGYN residency programs.
  • Estimated local access and treatment intensity effects associated with program debuts.

Main Results:

  • Emergency Medicine (EM) program introductions correlated with reduced treatment intensity and increased patient throughput.
  • Obstetrics (OBGYN) programs integrated with existing hospital surgical practices.
  • OBGYN programs appeared to alleviate hospital capacity constraints, potentially improving outcomes for mothers by reducing transfers to riskier facilities.

Conclusions:

  • Residency program introductions significantly influence hospital operational dynamics and patient care.
  • EM programs may lead to shifts in care intensity, while OBGYN programs can enhance capacity and potentially patient safety.