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An elaboration on sample size determination for correlations based on effect sizes and confidence interval width: a
1Clinical Research Centre, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Objectives:
This paper aims to serve as a useful guide for sample size determination for various correlation analyses that are based on effect sizes and confidence interval width.
Materials And Methods:
Sample size determinations are calculated for Pearson's correlation, Spearman's rank correlation, and Kendall's Tau-b correlation. Examples of sample size statements and their justification are also included.
Results:
Using the same effect sizes, there are differences between the sample size determination of the 3 statistical tests. Based on an empirical calculation, a minimum sample size of 149 is usually adequate for performing both parametric and non-parametric correlation analysis to determine at least a moderate to an excellent degree of correlation with acceptable confidence interval width.
Conclusions:
Determining data assumption(s) is one of the challenges to offering a valid technique to estimate the required sample size for correlation analyses. Sample size tables are provided and these will help researchers to estimate a minimum sample size requirement based on correlation analyses.
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