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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

1.3K
Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
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Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
210
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

2.3K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
09:20

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice

Published on: July 5, 2021

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Exercise-induced type 1 Brugada pattern in a child.

Giovanni Domenico Ciriello1, Emanuele Romeo1, Diego Colonna1

  • 1Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Congenital and Familial Arrhythmias Unit, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|June 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exercise stress testing can reveal Brugada syndrome type 1 pattern in some patients. This case highlights exercise-induced Brugada pattern in a child, suggesting further exploration of exercise testing

Keywords:
Brugada syndromechildelectrocardiogramexercise stress testimplantable loop recorder

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Brugada syndrome is a genetic disorder affecting heart rhythm.
  • Exercise stress testing can unmask the type 1 Brugada pattern in some individuals.

Observation:

  • The type 1 Brugada pattern during exercise testing is uncommon in pediatric patients.
  • A 12-year-old child presented with palpitations and an exercise-induced type 1 Brugada pattern.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates exercise-induced type 1 Brugada pattern in a pediatric patient.
  • The diagnostic utility of exercise stress testing in pediatric Brugada syndrome requires further investigation.

Implications:

  • Exercise stress testing may play a role in diagnosing Brugada syndrome in children.
  • Further research is needed to establish the role of exercise testing in risk stratification for pediatric Brugada syndrome.