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Twin-stagnation-free phase retrieval with vortex phase illumination.

Muskan Kularia, Manidipa Banerjee, Kedar Khare

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |June 10, 2024
    PubMed
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    Twin-image stagnation in iterative phase retrieval is overcome using charge-1 vortex illumination. This method introduces an isolated zero, guiding algorithms to reconstruct a single twin image, enhancing imaging system reliability.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Imaging
    • Wavefront Reconstruction

    Background:

    • Iterative phase retrieval algorithms struggle with stagnation, particularly twin-image stagnation, where both an object and its conjugate twin appear in solutions.
    • This arises because identical Fourier magnitude data can correspond to multiple distinct wavefronts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To eliminate twin-image stagnation in complex-valued wavefront recovery.
    • To demonstrate a novel illumination strategy for robust phase retrieval.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a coherent beam with a charge-1 vortex phase for illumination instead of a standard plane wave.
    • Employing the hybrid input-output (HIO) algorithm with simulation studies.
    • Investigating the effect of vortex phase initial guesses and complexity guidance.

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    Main Results:

    • Charge-1 vortex illumination successfully eliminates twin-image stagnation by introducing an isolated zero in the Fourier domain.
    • Algorithms converge to a single twin image, with solutions influenced by the vortex's chirality (clockwise or anti-clockwise).
    • Residual artifacts are minimal and can be further refined using complexity guidance, with an extractable vortex phase.

    Conclusions:

    • Charge-1 vortex illumination provides a robust method to overcome twin-image stagnation in iterative phase retrieval.
    • This technique significantly improves the reliability of wavefront reconstruction for practical imaging applications.
    • The method offers a deterministic path to single-twin solutions, enhancing the deployability of phase retrieval systems.