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Matrix-based integral transformations for Stokes imaging with partially polarized and partially coherent light.

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    |June 10, 2024
    PubMed
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    This study simplifies polarization imaging calculations for partially polarized and coherent light using matrix transforms. It introduces a novel transmission cross-coefficient matrix for enhanced Stokes imaging, accounting for system aberrations and illumination effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Image Processing
    • Mathematical Physics

    Background:

    • Polarization imaging is crucial for analyzing light-matter interactions.
    • Partially polarized and partially coherent light present computational challenges in imaging.
    • Existing methods often struggle to accurately model diffraction and aberrations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simplified framework for space- and frequency-domain calculations in polarization imaging.
    • To introduce a generalized method for Stokes imaging under partially polarized and partially coherent illumination.
    • To provide a unified approach for analyzing polarization-dependent imaging systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized matrix convolution and matrix direct correlation for simplified calculations.
    • Introduced a hypermatrix-based transmission cross-coefficient matrix.
    • Developed generalized Stokes parameters and an apparent transfer matrix concept.

    Main Results:

    • Derived a simplified expression for polarization imaging calculations.
    • Presented a formula for Stokes imaging incorporating diffraction and aberrations.
    • Analyzed coherent and incoherent limits using the optical transfer matrix.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed matrix-based methods offer a powerful tool for polarization imaging analysis.
    • The transmission cross-coefficient matrix effectively models complex system effects.
    • The generalized framework enhances the understanding of nonlinearities in polarization imaging.