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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
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Optical TTD compensation network-based phase precoding for THz massive MIMO systems.

Shilong Jia, Chongfu Zhang, Huan Huang

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    This study introduces an optical true time delay compensation network (OTTDCN) to combat beam split in terahertz (THz) communication for 6G networks. The novel approach effectively compensates for frequency-dependent phase shifts, improving beam steering accuracy with low power consumption.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electrical Engineering
    • Wireless Communications
    • Optical Networks

    Background:

    • Sixth-generation (6G) communication systems heavily rely on terahertz (THz) frequencies for ultra-high bandwidth.
    • Hybrid beamforming is crucial for mitigating severe signal attenuation in the THz band.
    • Frequency-flat phase shifters in hybrid beamforming cause a beam split effect, degrading performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel optical true time delay compensation network (OTTDCN)-based phase precoding structure to address the beam split effect in THz communication.
    • To develop a low-complexity algorithm for selecting optimal beam compensation modes for hybrid precoding.
    • To achieve effective phase compensation across different frequencies with low power consumption.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an OTTDCN to pre-generate multiple beam compensation modes for frequency-dependent phase compensation.
    • Implementation of a hybrid precoding algorithm that selects optimal beam compensation modes for radio-frequency (RF) chains.
    • Evaluation of the proposed scheme's effectiveness in reorienting beams toward the target direction at various frequencies.

    Main Results:

    • The OTTDCN-based phase precoding scheme effectively alleviates the beam split effect in THz communication.
    • The proposed method demonstrates low power consumption compared to existing solutions.
    • Near-optimal performance is achieved, validating the effectiveness of the beam compensation strategy.

    Conclusions:

    • The OTTDCN-based phase precoding structure offers a viable solution for mitigating beam split in 6G THz communication.
    • The low-complexity algorithm enables efficient selection of beam compensation modes for practical implementation.
    • This approach significantly enhances beam steering accuracy and overall system performance while maintaining low power usage.