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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Experimental implementation of a quantum zero-knowledge proof for user authentication.

Marta I García-Cid, Dileepsai Bodanapu, Alberto Gatto

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    |June 11, 2024
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel quantum zero-knowledge protocol enhances identity authentication using quantum cryptography. It detects malicious users by monitoring quantum bit error rates, proving secure over 60 km.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Cryptography
    • Cybersecurity

    Background:

    • Identity authentication is critical for secure communication.
    • Existing methods face challenges with advanced threats.
    • Quantum cryptography offers enhanced security potential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an interactive quantum zero-knowledge protocol for identity authentication.
    • To assess the protocol's implementability on current quantum cryptographic devices.
    • To analyze the protocol's security and robustness.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an interactive quantum zero-knowledge protocol involving a verifier and prover with a pre-shared secret.
    • Implemented the protocol using modified Quantum Key Distribution devices.
    • Tested the protocol with both honest and malicious users, and across varying distances (up to 60 km).

    Main Results:

    • The protocol successfully authenticated identity using quantum zero-knowledge principles.
    • A significant increase (around 25%) in quantum bit error rate was observed when a malicious user was involved.
    • The protocol demonstrated completeness, soundness, and zero-knowledge properties, and was validated over long distances.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed quantum zero-knowledge protocol is a viable and secure method for identity authentication.
    • The protocol is implementable on existing quantum cryptographic hardware.
    • The protocol effectively detects malicious activity, enhancing overall security.